Clinical and Genetic Peculiarities of Isolated Cleft Palates

The systematic investigations on genealogical data of children with clefts have revealed that there is clinicalgenetic heterogeneity between cleft lips and/or palates (CL/ P) and isolated cleft palates (CP). Isolated cleft palates are often a constituent part of syndromes. These clefts are most frequently found in Pierre Robin syndrome, as this syndrome is more typical for the girls than the boys. The following micro-symptoms were observed among the relatives of children with CP: bifid uvula (BU), palatal defect, submucous cleft, intrauterine healed harelip and cleft nose. The results have shown that 43.4% of the children of our sample manifested accompanying malformations and syndromes, which means that almost every second child with CP has additional congenital diseases. Among the examined relatives, 18.81% demonstrated various types of micro-symptoms. The genetic-mathematical data processing has revealed that only isolated CP demonstrated polygenic type of inheritance, while CP with accompanying malformations approached mostly the autosomal-dominant type of inheritance.